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Liliana Salamanca, former advisor for the Colombian Truth Commission

Presentation to the International Politics Research Seminar on post-conflict transition in Colombia
entitled “Who needs to reconcile? Shifting the focus to peace resisters”

7 December 2022

Sonia Garzon
Sonia Garzon presentation

150 Research and Innovation stories to celebrate
Aberystwyth University’s 150th Anniversary

150 Research & Innovation Stories

No. 20: Intersectional Politics of Antagonism in Peacebuilding (IPAP)

It is a great honor to see the IPAP research featured in one of the Aberystwyth University’s 150 Research and Innovation stories.

The Cristinas of the Armed Conflict

Cristinas del conflicto
Cristinas del conflicto
Cristinas del conflicto

The Cristinas of the armed conflict are rag dolls created by Paulina Mahecha. Paulina’s daughter, Maria Cristina Cobo, was a head nurse who was forcibly disappeared by the paramilitary AUC, with the alleged complicity of the national army, on 19 April 2004 in Guaviare.

As Maria Cristina was carrying out health campaigns in the region, the paramilitary accused her of being a guerrilla collaborator. Since then, Cristina’s mother has engaged in finding her missing daughter and restoring her good name. “In this country any woman can become Cristina,” says Paulina. And it is for this very reason that it is necessary to make visible this crime and ensure non-recurrence. Creating the dolls is an act of memory, “not only about Cristina but about all other Cristinas”: women, girls and young women who have gone missing.

Cristina’s story and the Cristinas of the conflict were presented in January 2022 during an exhibition at the Museo Casa de la Memoria de Medellin (Colombia) during the event “Narrar para Sanar” (Storytelling for Healing). Organized by the Comisión Colombiana de Juristas (CCJ), the event was a cultural and artistic space to make visible and reflect about the memories and experiences of the victims of kidnaping and forced disappearance, as well as the experience of mourning and resistance of their survivors.

Las Cristinas del Conflicto armado son muñecas de trapo creadas por Paulina Mahecha. María Cristina Cobo, hija de Paulina, era jefe de enfermeras. Cristina fue desaparecida forzadamente por paramilitares de la AUC, con la aparente complicidad de agentes del ejército nacional el 19 de Abril de 2004 en el Guaviare.

María Cristina puso en marcha campañas de salud en la región, y por esta razón los paramilitares la acusaron de ser auxiliar de la guerrilla. Desde entonces, la madre de Cristina se ha comprometido en la búsqueda de su hija desaparecida y en resarcir su buen nombre. “En este país cualquier mujer puede ser Cristina”, afirma Paulina. Por esta razón es necesario hacer visible este crimen y asegurar que no vuelva a repetirse. La creación de estas muñecas es un acto de memoria, no solo sobre Cristina, sino sobre todas las otras Cristinas: mujeres, niñas y jóvenes que han sido desaparecidas.

La historia de Cristina y las Cristinas del conflicto armado fueron presentadas en enero de 2022 en una exhibición en el Museo Casa de la Memoria de Medellín (Colombia) en el evento “Narrar para Sanar.” Organizado por la Comisión Colombiana de Juristas (CCJ), este evento fue un espacio cultural y artístico para hacer visible y reflexionar sobre las memorias y experiencias de las victimas de secuestro y desaparición forzada, así como sobre la experiencia de duelo y resistencia de sus sobrevivientes.

On the Gendered Politics of FARC’s Forced Recruitment

FARC Guerrilla woman

Behind the Headlines, Part 2

December 18, 2020 / By Sonia Garzon

Questions & Answers session with students and
Dr Jenny Mathers, Senior Lecturer in International Politics,
on the Colombian peace process and its challenges
Aberystwyth University, Wales, UK

Behind the Headlines, Part 1

November 30, 2020 / By Sonia Garzon

Conversation with Dr Jenny Mathers
Senior Lecturer in International Politics
Aberystwyth University, Wales, UK